Data

IANA Timezones Reference JSON Example

A structured JSON reference of 35 major IANA timezone identifiers with UTC offsets, DST offsets, country, city, and region. Use this for datetime conversion, scheduling apps, and user timezone preferences.

JSON

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{
  "timezones": [
    {
      "id": "America/New_York",
      "utcOffset": "-05:00",
      "dstOffset": "-04:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "New York",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Chicago",
      "utcOffset": "-06:00",
      "dstOffset": "-05:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Chicago",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Denver",
      "utcOffset": "-07:00",
      "dstOffset": "-06:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Denver",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Los_Angeles",
      "utcOffset": "-08:00",
      "dstOffset": "-07:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Los Angeles",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Anchorage",
      "utcOffset": "-09:00",
      "dstOffset": "-08:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Anchorage",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Honolulu",
      "utcOffset": "-10:00",
      "dstOffset": "-10:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Honolulu",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Toronto",
      "utcOffset": "-05:00",
      "dstOffset": "-04:00",
      "country": "Canada",
      "city": "Toronto",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Vancouver",
      "utcOffset": "-08:00",
      "dstOffset": "-07:00",
      "country": "Canada",
      "city": "Vancouver",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Mexico_City",
      "utcOffset": "-06:00",
      "dstOffset": "-05:00",
      "country": "Mexico",
      "city": "Mexico City",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Sao_Paulo",
      "utcOffset": "-03:00",
      "dstOffset": "-03:00",
      "country": "Brazil",
      "city": "São Paulo",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires",
      "utcOffset": "-03:00",
      "dstOffset": "-03:00",
      "country": "Argentina",
      "city": "Buenos Aires",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Bogota",
      "utcOffset": "-05:00",
      "dstOffset": "-05:00",
      "country": "Colombia",
      "city": "Bogotá",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "Europe/London",
      "utcOffset": "+00:00",
      "dstOffset": "+01:00",
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "city": "London",
      "region": "Europe"
    },
    {
      "id": "Europe/Paris",
      "utcOffset": "+01:00",
      "dstOffset": "+02:00",
      "country": "France",
      "city": "Paris",
      "region": "Europe"
    },
    {
      "id": "Europe/Berlin",
      "utcOffset": "+01:00",
      "dstOffset": "+02:00",
      "country": "Germany",
      "city": "Berlin",
      "region": "Europe"
    },
    {
      "id": "Europe/Madrid",
      "utcOffset": "+01:00",
      "dstOffset": "+02:00",
      "country": "Spain",
      "city": "Madrid",
      "region": "Europe"
    },
    {
      "id": "Europe/Rome",
      "utcOffset": "+01:00",
      "dstOffset": "+02:00",
      "country": "Italy",
      "city": "Rome",
      "region": "Europe"
    },
    {
      "id": "Europe/Amsterdam",
      "utcOffset": "+01:00",
      "dstOffset": "+02:00",
      "country": "Netherlands",
      "city": "Amsterdam",
      "region": "Europe"
    },
    {
      "id": "Europe/Stockholm",
      "utcOffset": "+01:00",
      "dstOffset": "+02:00",
      "country": "Sweden",
      "city": "Stockholm",
      "region": "Europe"
    },
    {
      "id": "Europe/Moscow",
      "utcOffset": "+03:00",
      "dstOffset": "+03:00",
      "country": "Russia",
      "city": "Moscow",
      "region": "Europe"
    },
    {
      "id": "Europe/Istanbul",
      "utcOffset": "+03:00",
      "dstOffset": "+03:00",
      "country": "Turkey",
      "city": "Istanbul",
      "region": "Europe"
    },
    {
      "id": "Africa/Cairo",
      "utcOffset": "+02:00",
      "dstOffset": "+02:00",
      "country": "Egypt",
      "city": "Cairo",
      "region": "Africa"
    },
    {
      "id": "Africa/Lagos",
      "utcOffset": "+01:00",
      "dstOffset": "+01:00",
      "country": "Nigeria",
      "city": "Lagos",
      "region": "Africa"
    },
    {
      "id": "Africa/Johannesburg",
      "utcOffset": "+02:00",
      "dstOffset": "+02:00",
      "country": "South Africa",
      "city": "Johannesburg",
      "region": "Africa"
    },
    {
      "id": "Africa/Nairobi",
      "utcOffset": "+03:00",
      "dstOffset": "+03:00",
      "country": "Kenya",
      "city": "Nairobi",
      "region": "Africa"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Dubai",
      "utcOffset": "+04:00",
      "dstOffset": "+04:00",
      "country": "United Arab Emirates",
      "city": "Dubai",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Karachi",
      "utcOffset": "+05:00",
      "dstOffset": "+05:00",
      "country": "Pakistan",
      "city": "Karachi",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Kolkata",
      "utcOffset": "+05:30",
      "dstOffset": "+05:30",
      "country": "India",
      "city": "Kolkata",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Dhaka",
      "utcOffset": "+06:00",
      "dstOffset": "+06:00",
      "country": "Bangladesh",
      "city": "Dhaka",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Bangkok",
      "utcOffset": "+07:00",
      "dstOffset": "+07:00",
      "country": "Thailand",
      "city": "Bangkok",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Singapore",
      "utcOffset": "+08:00",
      "dstOffset": "+08:00",
      "country": "Singapore",
      "city": "Singapore",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Tokyo",
      "utcOffset": "+09:00",
      "dstOffset": "+09:00",
      "country": "Japan",
      "city": "Tokyo",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Seoul",
      "utcOffset": "+09:00",
      "dstOffset": "+09:00",
      "country": "South Korea",
      "city": "Seoul",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Shanghai",
      "utcOffset": "+08:00",
      "dstOffset": "+08:00",
      "country": "China",
      "city": "Shanghai",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Australia/Sydney",
      "utcOffset": "+10:00",
      "dstOffset": "+11:00",
      "country": "Australia",
      "city": "Sydney",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Pacific/Auckland",
      "utcOffset": "+12:00",
      "dstOffset": "+13:00",
      "country": "New Zealand",
      "city": "Auckland",
      "region": "Pacific"
    }
  ]
}

Field Reference

idrequiredstringIANA timezone identifier in Area/Location format (e.g. 'America/New_York')

utcOffsetrequiredstringStandard UTC offset as ±HH:MM string (offset without DST)

dstOffsetrequiredstringUTC offset during Daylight Saving Time; equals utcOffset for zones that do not observe DST

countryrequiredstringCountry name where the timezone is primarily used

cityrequiredstringMajor city associated with this timezone identifier

regionrequiredstringBroad geographic region: Americas, Europe, Africa, Asia, or Pacific

Variants

UTC Offsets: AmericasAll American timezone entries sorted west to east by UTC offset.

UTC Offsets: Americas

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{
  "timezones": [
    {
      "id": "America/Honolulu",
      "utcOffset": "-10:00",
      "dstOffset": "-10:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Honolulu",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Anchorage",
      "utcOffset": "-09:00",
      "dstOffset": "-08:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Anchorage",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Los_Angeles",
      "utcOffset": "-08:00",
      "dstOffset": "-07:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Los Angeles",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Vancouver",
      "utcOffset": "-08:00",
      "dstOffset": "-07:00",
      "country": "Canada",
      "city": "Vancouver",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Denver",
      "utcOffset": "-07:00",
      "dstOffset": "-06:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Denver",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Chicago",
      "utcOffset": "-06:00",
      "dstOffset": "-05:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "Chicago",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Mexico_City",
      "utcOffset": "-06:00",
      "dstOffset": "-05:00",
      "country": "Mexico",
      "city": "Mexico City",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/New_York",
      "utcOffset": "-05:00",
      "dstOffset": "-04:00",
      "country": "United States",
      "city": "New York",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Toronto",
      "utcOffset": "-05:00",
      "dstOffset": "-04:00",
      "country": "Canada",
      "city": "Toronto",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Bogota",
      "utcOffset": "-05:00",
      "dstOffset": "-05:00",
      "country": "Colombia",
      "city": "Bogotá",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Sao_Paulo",
      "utcOffset": "-03:00",
      "dstOffset": "-03:00",
      "country": "Brazil",
      "city": "São Paulo",
      "region": "Americas"
    },
    {
      "id": "America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires",
      "utcOffset": "-03:00",
      "dstOffset": "-03:00",
      "country": "Argentina",
      "city": "Buenos Aires",
      "region": "Americas"
    }
  ]
}

Asia Pacific timezonesTimezones covering Asia and the Pacific region.

Asia Pacific timezones

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{
  "timezones": [
    {
      "id": "Asia/Dubai",
      "utcOffset": "+04:00",
      "dstOffset": "+04:00",
      "country": "United Arab Emirates",
      "city": "Dubai",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Karachi",
      "utcOffset": "+05:00",
      "dstOffset": "+05:00",
      "country": "Pakistan",
      "city": "Karachi",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Kolkata",
      "utcOffset": "+05:30",
      "dstOffset": "+05:30",
      "country": "India",
      "city": "Kolkata",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Dhaka",
      "utcOffset": "+06:00",
      "dstOffset": "+06:00",
      "country": "Bangladesh",
      "city": "Dhaka",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Bangkok",
      "utcOffset": "+07:00",
      "dstOffset": "+07:00",
      "country": "Thailand",
      "city": "Bangkok",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Singapore",
      "utcOffset": "+08:00",
      "dstOffset": "+08:00",
      "country": "Singapore",
      "city": "Singapore",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Shanghai",
      "utcOffset": "+08:00",
      "dstOffset": "+08:00",
      "country": "China",
      "city": "Shanghai",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Tokyo",
      "utcOffset": "+09:00",
      "dstOffset": "+09:00",
      "country": "Japan",
      "city": "Tokyo",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Asia/Seoul",
      "utcOffset": "+09:00",
      "dstOffset": "+09:00",
      "country": "South Korea",
      "city": "Seoul",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Australia/Sydney",
      "utcOffset": "+10:00",
      "dstOffset": "+11:00",
      "country": "Australia",
      "city": "Sydney",
      "region": "Asia"
    },
    {
      "id": "Pacific/Auckland",
      "utcOffset": "+12:00",
      "dstOffset": "+13:00",
      "country": "New Zealand",
      "city": "Auckland",
      "region": "Pacific"
    }
  ]
}

Common Use Cases

→Datetime conversion — display server timestamps in the user's local timezone
→Scheduling apps — present meeting times in each participant's timezone
→User timezone preferences — populate a timezone selector with human-readable city names
→Log timestamp normalization — convert all log entries to UTC using the known offset
→International meeting planners — calculate overlap between business hours across regions

IANA timezonetime zoneUTC offsetDSTdatetimeIntl

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Frequently Asked Questions

IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) maintains the tz database (also called zoneinfo or Olson database), which is the global standard for timezone definitions. Each entry is identified by an Area/Location string like 'America/New_York'. These IDs are preferred over fixed UTC offsets because they automatically handle historical DST rule changes.

Daylight Saving Time (DST) is the practice of advancing clocks by one hour during summer months to extend evening daylight. During DST, a timezone's effective UTC offset shifts — for example America/New_York is UTC-5 in winter (EST) but UTC-4 in summer (EDT). Zones that do not observe DST (e.g. Asia/Kolkata, Asia/Tokyo) have dstOffset equal to utcOffset.

Use the Intl.DateTimeFormat API: new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-US', { timeZone: 'America/New_York', ...options }).format(new Date(utcString)). Or with date-fns-tz: format(utcDate, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm', { timeZone: 'America/New_York' }). Avoid manual offset arithmetic — it breaks across DST transitions.

UTC+5:30 is a static fixed offset that never changes. Asia/Kolkata is an IANA identifier that currently maps to +05:30 but carries historical rule data — India briefly observed DST in 1941–1945. Always store IANA identifiers in your database, not raw offsets, so your application remains correct if DST rules change in the future.

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